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Burhan Shahidi
Burhan Shahidi (; ; Russian: Бурхан Шахиди; Tatar: Borhan Şähidi) (October 3, 1894 – August 27, 1989), also spelled Bao Erhan, was a political leader in Xinjiang, China during the 20th century.
==Early life==
Burhan Shahidi was born in 1894 in the Russian Kazan Governorate to a family whose ancestors had fled from Aksu, an oasis town in southern Xinjiang, after a failed peasant uprising during the Qing Dynasty.〔(Chinese) ("包尔汉率新疆省政府起义始末" 《青年参考》 2009-09-01 )〕 His family was poor and he received little schooling in his early years. In 1912, after the Qing Dynasty was overthrown, he accompanied Tatar merchants to Dihua (now Urumqi) in Xinjiang and worked as an apprentice and store-clerk〔(Chinese) ("新疆风云人物 数朝元老包尔汉" ) 2010-11-01〕 In 1914, he was able to apply and receive Chinese citizenship from the Republic of China on account of his family's ancestry.〔 He spoke Uyghur, Mandarin Chinese, Russian, Turkish and some Arabic and acted as the interpreter for Yang Zengxin, the leader of Xinjiang at the time〔
In 1929, he was sent to Weimar Germany by Xinjiang's next leader Jin Shuren, and studied political-economy in Berlin. He returned to Xinjiang in 1933 and held a number of roles in the provincial government including manager of a land development company.〔(Chinese) ("包尔汉是怎样维护祖国统一的" ) 2010-06-03〕 He played a key role in the Xinjiang Nationalities Congress of 1934. At this Congress, the ethnonym ''Uyghur'' was adopted to describe the majority Turkic Muslims in the oases of the Tarim Basin.〔Gladney 2004: 217〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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